112823
Pathway
Protein Synthesis: Proline
Protein synthesis is an essential life process that builds the important large amino acid macromolecules that function as enzymes, antibodies, and cellular structural components. Although synthesis begins with the transcription of DNA into RNA, this pathway depicts the reactions that occur during translation. Transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA), which contains the genetic code to direct protein synthesis, is transported out of the nucleus and becomes bound to ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum. The amino acids required to assemble polypeptide chains are delivered to the ribosomes using transfer RNA (tRNA). Each tRNA molecule has both a binding site for a specific amino acid and a three-nucleotide sequence called the anticodon that forms three complementary base pairs with an mRNA codon. Charging or loading the appropriate amino acid onto its tRNA is carried out by an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS or ARS), also called tRNA-ligase. This enzyme catalyzes the esterification of an amino acid to one of all its compatible tRNAs to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. Each of the twenty amino acids has a corresponding aa-tRNA made by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Ribosomes match the anticodons of the charged tRNA molecules with successive codons of the mRNA. After a match is found, the ribosome transfers the amino acid from the matching tRNA onto the growing peptide chain via a reaction termed peptide condensation, and the tRNAs, no longer carrying amino acids, are released.
Protein
PW113695
Center
PathwayVisualizationContext113971
1080
1600
#000099
PathwayVisualization112686
112823
Protein Synthesis: Proline
Protein synthesis is an essential life process that builds the important large amino acid macromolecules that function as enzymes, antibodies, and cellular structural components. Although synthesis begins with the transcription of DNA into RNA, this pathway depicts the reactions that occur during translation. Transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA), which contains the genetic code to direct protein synthesis, is transported out of the nucleus and becomes bound to ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum. The amino acids required to assemble polypeptide chains are delivered to the ribosomes using transfer RNA (tRNA). Each tRNA molecule has both a binding site for a specific amino acid and a three-nucleotide sequence called the anticodon that forms three complementary base pairs with an mRNA codon. Charging or loading the appropriate amino acid onto its tRNA is carried out by an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS or ARS), also called tRNA-ligase. This enzyme catalyzes the esterification of an amino acid to one of all its compatible tRNAs to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. Each of the twenty amino acids has a corresponding aa-tRNA made by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Ribosomes match the anticodons of the charged tRNA molecules with successive codons of the mRNA. After a match is found, the ribosome transfers the amino acid from the matching tRNA onto the growing peptide chain via a reaction termed peptide condensation, and the tRNAs, no longer carrying amino acids, are released.
Protein
1
107817
15
SubPathway
106854
106
Compound
8
277862
24100331
Son J, Lee EH, Park M, Kim JH, Kim J, Kim S, Jeon YH, Hwang KY: Conformational changes in human prolyl-tRNA synthetase upon binding of the substrates proline and ATP and the inhibitor halofuginone. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2013 Oct;69(Pt 10):2136-45. doi: 10.1107/S0907444913020556. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
112823
Pathway
277863
12962325
Odintsova TI, Muller EC, Ivanov AV, Egorov TA, Bienert R, Vladimirov SN, Kostka S, Otto A, Wittmann-Liebold B, Karpova GG: Characterization and analysis of posttranslational modifications of the human large cytoplasmic ribosomal subunit proteins by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing. J Protein Chem. 2003 Apr;22(3):249-58.
112823
Pathway
277864
8706699
Vladimirov SN, Ivanov AV, Karpova GG, Musolyamov AK, Egorov TA, Thiede B, Wittmann-Liebold B, Otto A: Characterization of the human small-ribosomal-subunit proteins by N-terminal and internal sequencing, and mass spectrometry. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Jul 1;239(1):144-9.
112823
Pathway
1
Cell
CL:0000000
2
Platelet
CL:0000233
5
Hepatocyte
CL:0000182
3
Neuron
CL:0000540
4
Cardiomyocyte
CL:0000746
8
Beta cell
CL:0000639
7
Epithelial Cell
CL:0000066
1
Homo sapiens
9606
Eukaryote
Human
2
Bacteria
2
Prokaryote
Bacteria
3
Escherichia coli
562
Prokaryote
12
Mus musculus
10090
Eukaryote
Mouse
17
Rattus norvegicus
10116
Eukaryote
Rat
19
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
4896
Eukaryote
24
Solanum lycopersicum
4081
Eukaryote
Tomato
4
Arabidopsis thaliana
3702
Eukaryote
Thale cress
18
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
4932
Eukaryote
Yeast
21
Xenopus laevis
8355
Eukaryote
African clawed frog
6
Caenorhabditis elegans
6239
Eukaryote
Roundworm
25
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
83333
Prokaryote
49
Bathymodiolus platifrons
220390
Eukaryote
Deep sea mussel
23
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
287
Prokaryote
60
Nitzschia sp.
0001
Eukaryote
Nitzschia4
5
Bos taurus
9913
Eukaryote
Cattle
10
Drosophila melanogaster
7227
Eukaryote
Fruit fly
51
Picea sitchensis
3332
Eukaryote
Sitka spruce
1
Cytosol
GO:0005829
3
Mitochondrial Matrix
GO:0005759
5
Cytoplasm
GO:0005737
14
Mitochondrial Outer Membrane
GO:0005741
2
Mitochondrion
GO:0005739
15
Nucleus
GO:0005634
4
Peroxisome
GO:0005777
13
Endoplasmic Reticulum
GO:0005783
7
Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane
GO:0005789
10
Cell Membrane
GO:0005886
27
Peroxisome Membrane
GO:0005778
31
Periplasmic Space
GO:0005620
11
Extracellular Space
GO:0005615
35
Chloroplast
GO:0009507
12
Mitochondrial Inner Membrane
GO:0005743
32
Inner Membrane
GO:0070258
2
Endothelium
BTO:0000393
1
Liver
BTO:0000759
72
9
7
Nervous System
BTO:0001484
18
Pancreas
BTO:0000988
25
Intestine
BTO:0000648
8
Blood Vessel
BTO:0001102
74
11
2
1
1
1
PW_BS000002
4
3
1
1
PW_BS000004
8
5
1
1
PW_BS000008
16
2
1
2
PW_BS000016
22
14
1
1
PW_BS000022
13
1
2
1
PW_BS000013
32
1
15
1
5
PW_BS000032
5
4
1
1
PW_BS000005
39
7
1
1
3
PW_BS000039
3
2
1
1
PW_BS000003
18
13
1
1
PW_BS000018
10
1
7
1
1
PW_BS000010
49
7
1
1
PW_BS000049
14
10
1
PW_BS000014
58
1
14
1
1
PW_BS000058
59
27
1
1
PW_BS000059
27
15
1
PW_BS000027
46
1
1
4
PW_BS000046
29
1
1
1
PW_BS000029
66
18
5
1
8
PW_BS000066
72
5
1
3
PW_BS000072
61
25
1
7
PW_BS000061
51
8
1
PW_BS000051
23
15
1
1
PW_BS000023
31
1
5
1
1
PW_BS000031
91
8
5
1
1
PW_BS000091
54
1
3
1
5
PW_BS000054
89
2
PW_BS000089
26
1
1
1
5
PW_BS000026
7
1
1
PW_BS000007
97
1
5
2
1
PW_BS000097
100
5
2
1
PW_BS000100
104
14
3
1
PW_BS000104
101
5
3
1
PW_BS000101
111
5
12
1
PW_BS000111
112
2
12
1
PW_BS000112
103
3
3
1
PW_BS000103
117
1
3
1
PW_BS000117
118
1
17
1
PW_BS000118
120
3
17
1
PW_BS000120
129
1
5
12
1
PW_BS000129
132
1
12
1
PW_BS000132
133
3
12
1
PW_BS000133
135
5
17
1
PW_BS000135
108
1
3
PW_BS000108
143
1
5
19
1
PW_BS000143
146
5
19
1
PW_BS000146
107
31
3
PW_BS000107
147
1
24
1
PW_BS000147
151
1
4
1
PW_BS000151
155
3
24
1
PW_BS000155
161
3
18
1
PW_BS000161
166
1
1
PW_BS000166
178
3
21
1
PW_BS000178
188
1
18
PW_BS000024
160
1
18
1
PW_BS000160
199
14
18
1
PW_BS000024
205
5
6
1
PW_BS000024
206
2
6
1
PW_BS000024
210
13
18
1
PW_BS000024
213
7
18
1
PW_BS000024
211
10
18
PW_BS000024
198
5
18
1
PW_BS000024
216
4
18
1
PW_BS000024
217
15
18
PW_BS000024
218
15
18
1
PW_BS000024
163
2
18
1
PW_BS000163
222
3
4
1
PW_BS000024
190
11
18
PW_BS000024
225
35
4
1
PW_BS000024
277
1
2
18
PW_BS000024
170
18
PW_BS000170
281
1
25
1
PW_BS000024
164
4
PW_BS000164
285
10
4
1
PW_BS000024
226
4
4
1
PW_BS000024
290
5
49
1
PW_BS000024
223
12
4
1
PW_BS000024
308
10
1
1
PW_BS000024
315
1
23
PW_BS000024
322
1
23
1
PW_BS000024
318
31
23
PW_BS000024
253
5
4
1
PW_BS000024
134
12
12
1
PW_BS000134
329
14
12
1
PW_BS000028
333
1
2
12
PW_BS000028
336
1
12
1
PW_BS000028
332
1
7
12
1
PW_BS000028
350
1
14
12
1
PW_BS000028
128
15
12
1
PW_BS000128
351
15
12
PW_BS000028
353
25
12
7
PW_BS000028
335
27
12
1
PW_BS000028
115
10
12
PW_BS000115
130
13
12
1
PW_BS000130
331
7
12
1
PW_BS000028
334
4
12
1
PW_BS000028
368
3
60
1
PW_BS000028
184
1
2
1
PW_BS000024
119
2
17
1
PW_BS000119
1
1
PW_BS000001
124
1
5
1
PW_BS000124
94
3
PW_BS000094
388
1
6
1
PW_BS000112
109
32
3
PW_BS000109
122
5
5
1
PW_BS000122
406
3
5
1
PW_BS000115
407
2
5
1
PW_BS000115
382
14
5
1
PW_BS000100
412
1
2
5
PW_BS000115
429
1
5
1
PW_BS000115
123
1
7
5
1
PW_BS000123
433
1
14
5
1
PW_BS000115
408
4
5
1
PW_BS000115
410
15
5
1
PW_BS000115
125
13
5
1
PW_BS000125
383
7
5
1
PW_BS000100
405
10
5
PW_BS000115
422
27
5
1
PW_BS000115
435
15
5
PW_BS000115
399
14
17
1
PW_BS000113
446
1
2
17
PW_BS000115
464
1
17
1
PW_BS000115
447
1
7
17
1
PW_BS000115
468
1
14
17
1
PW_BS000115
374
4
17
1
PW_BS000053
444
15
17
1
PW_BS000115
136
13
17
1
PW_BS000136
398
7
17
1
PW_BS000113
376
10
17
PW_BS000053
472
25
17
7
PW_BS000115
375
27
17
1
PW_BS000053
470
15
17
PW_BS000115
297
5
10
1
PW_BS000024
479
3
10
1
PW_BS000115
299
1
10
1
PW_BS000024
481
2
10
1
PW_BS000115
484
14
10
1
PW_BS000115
485
15
10
1
PW_BS000115
300
13
10
1
PW_BS000024
495
7
10
1
PW_BS000115
478
10
10
PW_BS000115
491
27
10
1
PW_BS000115
499
15
10
PW_BS000115
501
3
6
1
PW_BS000115
389
14
6
1
PW_BS000112
516
15
6
1
PW_BS000115
395
13
6
1
PW_BS000113
390
7
6
1
PW_BS000112
209
10
6
PW_BS000024
508
27
6
1
PW_BS000115
517
15
6
PW_BS000115
502
4
6
1
PW_BS000115
249
13
4
1
PW_BS000024
288
14
4
1
PW_BS000024
306
35
51
1
PW_BS000024
17
12
1
1
PW_BS000017
372
10
2
PW_BS000028
384
12
5
1
PW_BS000100
391
12
6
1
PW_BS000112
121
12
17
1
PW_BS000121
222
PW_B000222
577
11001
ProteinComplex
1
578
11454
ProteinComplex
1
579
490
ElementCollection
1
238
PW_B000238
640
11
NucleicAcid
1
641
11001
ProteinComplex
1
642
11454
ProteinComplex
1
643
490
ElementCollection
1
414
Adenosine triphosphate
HMDB0000538
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide consisting of a purine base (adenine) attached to the first carbon atom of ribose (a pentose sugar). Three phosphate groups are esterified at the fifth carbon atom of the ribose. ATP is incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the processes of DNA replication and transcription. ATP contributes to cellular energy charge and participates in overall energy balance, maintaining cellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule via interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a wide variety of processes as diverse as neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodelling. Extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine have also been shown to exert a variety of effects on nearly every cell type in human skin, and ATP seems to play a direct role in triggering skin inflammatory, regenerative, and fibrotic responses to mechanical injury, an indirect role in melanocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and a complex role in Langerhans cell-directed adaptive immunity. During exercise, intracellular homeostasis depends on the matching of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply and ATP demand. Metabolites play a useful role in communicating the extent of ATP demand to the metabolic supply pathways. Effects as different as proliferation or differentiation, chemotaxis, release of cytokines or lysosomal constituents, and generation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species are elicited upon stimulation of blood cells with extracellular ATP. The increased concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in erythrocytes from patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) has been observed in many studies but the mechanism leading to these abnormalities still is controversial. (PMID: 15490415, 15129319, 14707763, 14696970, 11157473).
56-65-5
C00002
5957
15422
ATP
5742
DB00171
NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
C10H16N5O13P3
InChI=1S/C10H16N5O13P3/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(26-10)1-25-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)27-29(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N
({[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)phosphonic acid
507.181
506.995745159
-2.05
7
adenosine triphosphate
0
-3
FDB021813
5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) adenosine;5'-atp;Atp;Adenosine 5'-triphosphate;Adenosine 5'-triphosphorate;Adenosine 5'-triphosphoric acid;Adenosine triphosphate;Adenylpyrophosphorate;Adenylpyrophosphoric acid;Adephos;Adetol;Adynol;Atipi;Atriphos;Cardenosine;Fosfobion;Glucobasin;Myotriphos;Phosphobion;Striadyne;Triadenyl;Triphosphaden;Triphosphoric acid adenosine ester;Adenosine-5'-triphosphate;H4atp;Adenosine triphosphoric acid;Adenosine-5'-triphosphoric acid
PW_C000414
ATP
9
2
21
4
60
8
266
16
414
22
478
13
733
32
799
5
934
39
976
3
2105
18
2112
10
2146
49
2156
14
2160
58
2405
59
2434
27
2726
46
2812
29
3029
66
3163
72
3616
61
3617
51
4399
23
4474
31
4768
91
4864
54
5032
89
5035
26
5155
7
5205
97
5215
100
5250
104
5291
101
5313
111
5346
112
5390
103
5406
117
5430
118
5443
120
5542
129
5556
132
5569
133
5603
135
5621
108
5846
143
5854
146
5876
107
5897
147
5924
151
6048
155
6109
161
6230
166
6493
178
6839
188
6870
160
6976
199
7157
205
7184
206
7209
210
7225
213
7229
211
7298
198
7302
216
7390
217
7408
218
7432
163
7481
222
7499
190
8186
225
11847
277
11903
170
12010
281
12039
164
12178
285
12578
226
12691
290
13264
223
15327
308
42326
315
42621
322
42694
318
77028
253
77218
134
77233
329
77468
333
77632
336
78037
332
78041
350
78168
128
78214
351
78240
353
78411
335
78494
115
78850
130
78865
331
78919
334
80028
368
80046
184
80674
119
85629
1
94826
124
113234
94
113282
388
116280
109
119914
122
119992
406
120154
407
120245
382
120362
412
121246
429
121392
123
121397
433
121471
408
121974
410
122065
125
122079
383
122083
405
122402
422
122444
435
122919
399
123009
446
123816
464
123951
447
123956
468
124029
374
124527
444
124616
136
124630
398
124634
376
124943
472
124972
375
125011
470
125304
297
125371
479
125392
299
125515
481
125595
484
126123
485
126220
300
126234
495
126240
478
126547
491
126596
499
126913
501
127123
389
127731
516
127781
395
127796
390
127801
209
128119
508
128167
517
32
Adenosine monophosphate
HMDB0000045
Adenosine monophosphate, also known as 5'-adenylic acid and abbreviated AMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine. AMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. AMP can be produced during ATP synthesis by the enzyme adenylate kinase. AMP has recently been approved as a 'Bitter Blocker' additive to foodstuffs. When AMP is added to bitter foods or foods with a bitter aftertaste it makes them seem 'sweeter'. This potentially makes lower calorie food products more palatable.
61-19-8
C00020
6083
16027
AMP
5858
DB00131
NC1=C2N=CN([C@@H]3O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)C2=NC=N1
C10H14N5O7P
InChI=1S/C10H14N5O7P/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(22-10)1-21-23(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N
{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acid
347.2212
347.063084339
-2.02
5
adenylate
0
-2
DBMET00485
FDB021806
5'-amp;5'-adenosine monophosphate;5'-adenylate;5'-adenylic acid;Amp;Adenosine 5'-monophosphate;Adenosine 5'-phosphate;Adenosine 5'-phosphorate;Adenosine 5'-phosphoric acid;Adenosine phosphate;Adenosine-5'-monophosphorate;Adenosine-5'-monophosphoric acid;Adenosine-5-monophosphorate;Adenosine-5-monophosphoric acid;Adenosine-monophosphate;Adenosine-phosphate;Adenovite;Adenylate;Adenylic acid;Cardiomone;Lycedan;Muscle adenylate;Muscle adenylic acid;My-b-den;My-beta-den;Phosaden;Phosphaden;Phosphentaside;5'-o-phosphonoadenosine;Adenosine 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate);Adenosine monophosphate;Adenosine-5'p;Adenosini phosphas;Ado5'p;Fosfato de adenosina;Pa;Pado;Phosphate d'adenosine;5'-adenosine monophosphoric acid;Adenosine phosphoric acid;Adenosine 5'-(dihydrogen phosphoric acid);Adenosine 5'-monophosphoric acid;Adenosine monophosphoric acid;Adenosine-5'-monophosphate;Phosphoric acid d'adenosine
PW_C000032
AMP
11
2
34
4
62
8
270
16
734
32
881
22
1189
14
4572
5
4867
54
5033
89
5251
104
5408
117
5423
103
5432
118
5457
120
5558
132
5583
133
5779
101
5795
108
6977
199
7072
188
11789
198
11868
161
11988
151
12003
222
12580
226
12636
31
12694
290
13331
225
42266
3
42646
315
77234
329
77325
111
78392
334
78809
115
79320
112
80399
1
80684
135
80900
7
119916
122
120016
124
120031
406
120246
382
120888
405
121954
408
122920
399
123464
376
124507
374
125306
297
125394
299
125409
479
125596
484
126853
205
126934
388
126949
501
127124
389
127311
209
127711
502
170
Pyrophosphate
HMDB0000250
The anion, the salts, and the esters of pyrophosphoric acid are called pyrophosphates. The pyrophosphate anion is abbreviated PPi and is formed by the hydrolysis of ATP into AMP in cells. This hydrolysis is called pyrophosphorolysis. The pyrophosphate anion has the structure P2O74-, and is an acid anhydride of phosphate. It is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly hydrolyzes into inorganic phosphate. Pyrophosphate is an osteotoxin (arrests bone development) and an arthritogen (promotes arthritis). It is also a metabotoxin (an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health affects at chronically high levels). Chronically high levels of pyrophosphate are associated with hypophosphatasia. Hypophosphatasia (also called deficiency of alkaline phosphatase or phosphoethanolaminuria) is a rare, and sometimes fatal, metabolic bone disease. Hypophosphatasia is associated with a molecular defect in the gene encoding tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). TNSALP is an enzyme that is tethered to the outer surface of osteoblasts and chondrocytes. TNSALP hydrolyzes several substances, including inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), a major form of vitamin B6. When TSNALP is low, inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) accumulates outside of cells and inhibits the formation of hydroxyapatite, one of the main components of bone, causing rickets in infants and children and osteomalacia (soft bones) in adults. Vitamin B6 must be dephosphorylated by TNSALP before it can cross the cell membrane. Vitamin B6 deficiency in the brain impairs synthesis of neurotransmitters which can cause seizures. In some cases, a build-up of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the joints can cause pseudogout.
14000-31-8
C00013
644102
18361
PPI
559142
DB04160
[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O
O7P2
InChI=1S/H4O7P2/c1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6)/p-4
XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J
(phosphonooxy)phosphonic acid
173.9433
173.911925378
4
pyrophosphoric acid
0
-3
FDB021918
(4-)diphosphoric acid ion;(p2o74-)diphosphate;Diphosphate;Diphosphoric acid;Ppi;Pyrometaphosphate;Pyrophosphate;Pyrophosphate tetraanion;Pyrophosphate(4-) ion;[o3popo3](4-);Diphosphat;P2o7(4-);Pyrophosphat;Pyrophosphate ion;Phosphonato phosphoric acid;Pyrophosphoric acid;Pyrophosphoric acid ion
PW_C000170
Ppi
12
2
35
4
63
8
429
23
735
32
882
22
1217
3
1620
49
2410
59
2815
29
4175
14
4868
54
5034
89
5252
104
5294
101
5409
117
5424
103
5433
118
5458
120
5548
111
5559
132
5584
133
5606
135
5655
108
5879
107
6239
166
6978
199
7073
188
7134
163
7272
160
7312
198
7318
213
8275
151
8283
210
11869
161
12002
222
12041
164
12315
225
12323
249
12512
288
12579
226
12695
290
15219
306
15375
18
34760
17
42561
315
42697
318
77235
329
77317
128
77635
336
78416
335
78928
331
79153
112
79950
134
79958
130
80047
372
80417
170
85630
1
94786
384
94814
125
94819
382
98678
223
110634
391
113270
395
113275
389
115527
136
115532
399
119934
122
120017
124
120032
406
120330
410
120936
407
121261
429
121341
121
121486
383
122407
422
122985
444
123502
119
123831
464
124044
398
124977
375
125324
297
125395
299
125410
479
125597
484
125656
485
125876
481
126552
491
126869
205
126935
388
126950
501
127337
206
128124
508
106
L-Proline
HMDB0000162
L-proline is one of the twenty amino acids used in living organisms as the building blocks of proteins. Proline is sometimes called an imino acid, although the IUPAC definition of an imine requires a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Proline is a non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from glutamic acid. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. Proline is derived from the amino acid L-glutamate in which glutamate-5-semialdehyde is first formed by glutamate 5-kinase and glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (which requires NADH or NADPH). This semialdehyde can then either spontaneously cyclize to form 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, which is reduced to proline by pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, or turned into ornithine by ornithine aminotransferase, followed by cyclization by ornithine cyclodeaminase to form proline. L-Proline has been found to act as a weak agonist of the glycine receptor and of both NMDA and non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors. It has been proposed to be a potential endogenous excitotoxin/neurotoxin. Studies in rats have shown that when injected into the brain, proline non-selectively destroys pyramidal and granule cells (PMID: 3409032). Therefore, under certain conditions proline can act as a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of proline are associated with at least five inborn errors of metabolism, including hyperprolinemia type I, hyperprolinemia type II, iminoglycinuria, prolinemia type II, and pyruvate carboxylase deficiency. People with hyperprolinemia type I often do not show any symptoms even though they have proline levels in their blood between 3 and 10 times the normal level. Some individuals with hyperprolinemia type I exhibit seizures, intellectual disability, or other neurological or psychiatric problems. Hyperprolinemia type II results in proline levels in the blood between 10 and 15 times higher than normal, and high levels of a related compound called pyrroline-5-carboxylate. Hyperprolinemia type II has signs and symptoms that vary in severity, and is more likely than type I to involve seizures or intellectual disability.
147-85-3
C00148
145742
17203
PRO
128566
DB00172
OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1
C5H9NO2
InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1
ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N
(2S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
115.1305
115.063328537
0.50
2
L-proline
0
0
DBMET00494
FDB000570
(-)-(s)-proline;(-)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate;(-)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;(-)-proline;(s)-(-)-proline;(s)-(-)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate;(s)-(-)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;(s)-2-carboxypyrrolidine;(s)-2-pyrralidinecarboxylate;(s)-2-pyrralidinecarboxylic acid;(s)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate;(s)-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;(s)-proline;2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate;2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;Proline;(2s)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;(s)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;L-(-)-proline;L-alpha-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;L-prolin;L-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;P;Prolina;Prolinum;(2s)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate;(s)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate;L-a-pyrrolidinecarboxylate;L-a-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;L-alpha-pyrrolidinecarboxylate;L-α-pyrrolidinecarboxylate;L-α-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid;L-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate
PW_C000106
Pro
488
4
5685
107
5686
108
11860
161
42552
315
42567
318
77478
133
120376
406
123021
120
490
mRNA
NucleicAcid
NucleicAcid
PW_EC000490
mRNA
11
L-Prolyl-tRNA(Pro)
RNA
PW_NA000011
29154
LPTP
493
8
11862
198
77480
111
120381
122
123025
135
3262
11
12
8
true
1249
0
14
150
regular
150
70
12
tRNA(Pro)
RNA
PW_NA000012
29177
TRNAPRO
492
8
11861
198
77479
111
120380
122
123024
135
8096
60S ribosomal protein L3
P39023
The L3 protein is a component of the large subunit of cytoplasmic ribosomes.
RPL3
1
133190
8
8109
60S ribosomal protein L4
P36578
RPL4
1
133191
8
8111
60S ribosomal protein L5
P46777
Required for rRNA maturation and formation of the 60S ribosomal subunits. This protein binds 5S RNA.
RPL5
1
133192
8
8112
60S ribosomal protein L6
Q02878
Specifically binds to domain C of the Tax-responsive enhancer element in the long terminal repeat of HTLV-I.
RPL6
1
133193
8
8114
60S ribosomal protein L7a
P62424
RPL7A
1
133194
8
8113
60S ribosomal protein L7
P18124
Binds to G-rich structures in 28S rRNA and in mRNAs. Plays a regulatory role in the translation apparatus; inhibits cell-free translation of mRNAs.
RPL7
1
133195
8
8115
60S ribosomal protein L8
P62917
RPL8
1
133196
8
8116
60S ribosomal protein L9
P32969
RPL9
1
133197
8
8077
60S ribosomal protein L10a
P62906
RPL10A
1
133198
8
8076
60S ribosomal protein L10
P27635
RPL10
1
133199
8
8078
60S ribosomal protein L11
P62913
Binds to 5S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). Required for rRNA maturation and formation of the 60S ribosomal subunits. Promotes nucleolar location of PML (By similarity).
RPL11
1
133200
8
8079
60S ribosomal protein L12
P30050
Binds directly to 26S ribosomal RNA.
RPL12
1
133201
8
8081
60S ribosomal protein L13a
P40429
Associated with ribosomes but is not required for canonical ribosome function and has extra-ribosomal functions. Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes. Upon interferon-gamma activation and subsequent phosphorylation dissociates from the ribosome and assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation. In the GAIT complex interacts with m7G cap-bound eIF4G at or near the eIF3-binding site and blocks the recruitment of the 43S ribosomal complex. Involved in methylation of rRNA.
RPL13A
1
133202
8
8080
60S ribosomal protein L13
P26373
RPL13
1
133203
8
8082
60S ribosomal protein L14
P50914
RPL14
1
133204
8
8083
60S ribosomal protein L15
P61313
RPL15
1
133205
8
8084
60S ribosomal protein L17
P18621
RPL17
1
133206
8
8086
60S ribosomal protein L18a
Q02543
RPL18A
1
133207
8
8085
60S ribosomal protein L18
Q07020
RPL18
1
133208
8
8087
60S ribosomal protein L19
P84098
RPL19
1
133209
8
8088
60S ribosomal protein L21
P46778
RPL21
1
133210
8
4811
60S ribosomal protein L22
P35268
HMDBP10729
RPL22
1p36.31
BC035566
1
133211
8
8090
60S ribosomal protein L23a
P62750
This protein binds to a specific region on the 26S rRNA.
RPL23A
1
133212
8
8089
60S ribosomal protein L23
P62829
RPL23
1
133213
8
8091
60S ribosomal protein L24
P83731
RPL24
1
133214
8
8092
60S ribosomal protein L26
P61254
RPL26
1
133215
8
8094
60S ribosomal protein L27a
P46776
RPL27A
1
133216
8
8093
60S ribosomal protein L27
P61353
RPL27
1
133217
8
8095
60S ribosomal protein L28
P46779
RPL28
1
133218
8
4810
60S ribosomal protein L29
P47914
HMDBP10728
RPL29
3p21.3-p21.2
AK311884
1
133219
8
8097
60S ribosomal protein L30
P62888
RPL30
1
133220
8
8098
60S ribosomal protein L31
P62899
RPL31
1
133221
8
8099
60S ribosomal protein L32
P62910
RPL32
1
133222
8
8100
60S ribosomal protein L34
P49207
RPL34
1
133223
8
8102
60S ribosomal protein L35a
P18077
Required for the proliferation and viability of hematopoietic cells. Plays a role in 60S ribosomal subunit formation. The protein was found to bind to both initiator and elongator tRNAs and consequently was assigned to the P site or P and A site.
RPL35A
1
133224
8
8101
60S ribosomal protein L35
P42766
RPL35
1
133225
8
8104
60S ribosomal protein L36a
P83881
RPL36A
1
133226
8
8103
60S ribosomal protein L36
Q9Y3U8
RPL36
1
133227
8
8106
60S ribosomal protein L37a
P61513
RPL37A
1
133228
8
8105
60S ribosomal protein L37
P61927
Binds to the 23S rRNA.
RPL37
1
133229
8
8107
60S ribosomal protein L38
P63173
RPL38
1
133230
8
8108
60S ribosomal protein L39
P62891
RPL39
1
133231
8
8120
Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40
P62987
Ubiquitin: Exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in lysosomal degradation; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, DNA-damage responses as well as in signaling processes leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling.
UBA52
1
133232
8
8110
60S ribosomal protein L41
P62945
Interacts with the beta subunit of protein kinase CKII and stimulates phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II alpha by CKII.
RPL41
1
133233
8
8117
60S acidic ribosomal protein P0
P05388
Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10.
RPLP0
1
133234
8
8118
60S acidic ribosomal protein P1
P05386
Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis.
RPLP1
1
133235
8
8119
60S acidic ribosomal protein P2
P05387
Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis.
RPLP2
1
133236
8
8043
40S ribosomal protein S2
P15880
RPS2
1
133237
8
8053
40S ribosomal protein S3
P23396
Involved in translation as a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit (PubMed:8706699). Has endonuclease activity and plays a role in repair of damaged DNA (PubMed:7775413). Cleaves phosphodiester bonds of DNAs containing altered bases with broad specificity and cleaves supercoiled DNA more efficiently than relaxed DNA (PubMed:15707971). Displays high binding affinity for 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a common DNA lesion caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) (PubMed:14706345). Has also been shown to bind with similar affinity to intact and damaged DNA (PubMed:18610840). Stimulates the N-glycosylase activity of the base excision protein OGG1 (PubMed:15518571). Enhances the uracil excision activity of UNG1 (PubMed:18973764). Also stimulates the cleavage of the phosphodiester backbone by APEX1 (PubMed:18973764). When located in the mitochondrion, reduces cellular ROS levels and mitochondrial DNA damage (PubMed:23911537). Has also been shown to negatively regulate DNA repair in cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (PubMed:17049931). Plays a role in regulating transcription as part of the NF-kappa-B p65-p50 complex where it binds to the RELA/p65 subunit, enhances binding of the complex to DNA and promotes transcription of target genes (PubMed:18045535). Represses its own translation by binding to its cognate mRNA (PubMed:20217897). Binds to and protects TP53/p53 from MDM2-mediated ubiquitination (PubMed:19656744). Involved in spindle formation and chromosome movement during mitosis by regulating microtubule polymerization (PubMed:23131551). Involved in induction of apoptosis through its role in activation of CASP8 (PubMed:14988002). Induces neuronal apoptosis by interacting with the E2F1 transcription factor and acting synergistically with it to up-regulate pro-apoptotic proteins BCL2L11/BIM and HRK/Dp5 (PubMed:20605787). Interacts with TRADD following exposure to UV radiation and induces apoptosis by caspase-dependent JNK activation (PubMed:22510408).
RPS3
1
4.2.99.18
133238
8
8054
40S ribosomal protein S3a
P61247
May play a role during erythropoiesis through regulation of transcription factor DDIT3.
RPS3A
1
133239
8
8055
40S ribosomal protein S4, X isoform
P62701
RPS4X
1
133240
8
8056
40S ribosomal protein S5
P46782
RPS5
1
133241
8
8057
40S ribosomal protein S6
P62753
May play an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA.
RPS6
1
133242
8
8058
40S ribosomal protein S7
P62081
Required for rRNA maturation.
RPS7
1
133243
8
8059
40S ribosomal protein S8
P62241
RPS8
1
133244
8
8060
40S ribosomal protein S9
P46781
RPS9
1
133245
8
8032
40S ribosomal protein S10
P46783
Component of the 40S ribosomal subunit.
RPS10
1
133246
8
8033
40S ribosomal protein S11
P62280
RPS11
1
133247
8
8034
40S ribosomal protein S12
P25398
RPS12
1
133248
8
8035
40S ribosomal protein S13
P62277
RPS13
1
133249
8
8036
40S ribosomal protein S14
P62263
RPS14
1
133250
8
8037
40S ribosomal protein S15
P62841
RPS15
1
133251
8
8038
40S ribosomal protein S15a
P62244
RPS15A
1
133252
8
8039
40S ribosomal protein S16
P62249
RPS16
1
133253
8
8040
40S ribosomal protein S17
P08708
RPS17
1
133254
8
8041
40S ribosomal protein S18
P62269
Located at the top of the head of the 40S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 18S rRNA.
RPS18
1
133255
8
8042
40S ribosomal protein S19
P39019
Required for pre-rRNA processing and maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
RPS19
1
133256
8
8044
40S ribosomal protein S20
P60866
RPS20
1
133257
8
8045
40S ribosomal protein S21
P63220
RPS21
1
133258
8
8046
40S ribosomal protein S23
P62266
RPS23
1
133259
8
8047
40S ribosomal protein S24
P62847
Required for processing of pre-rRNA and maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
RPS24
1
133260
8
8048
40S ribosomal protein S25
P62851
RPS25
1
133261
8
8049
40S ribosomal protein S26
P62854
RPS26
1
133262
8
3391
40S ribosomal protein S27
P42677
HMDBP08171
RPS27
1q21
CH471121
1
133263
8
8051
40S ribosomal protein S28
P62857
RPS28
1
133264
8
8052
40S ribosomal protein S29
P62273
RPS29
1
133265
8
8031
40S ribosomal protein S30
P62861
FAU
1
133266
8
8061
40S ribosomal protein SA
P08865
Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Also functions as a cell surface receptor for laminin. Plays a role in cell adhesion to the basement membrane and in the consequent activation of signaling transduction pathways. May play a role in cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. Acts as a PPP1R16B-dependent substrate of PPP1CA. Also acts as a receptor for several other ligands, including the pathogenic prion protein, viruses, and bacteria.
RPSA
1
133267
8
8840
Receptor of activated protein C kinase 1
P63244
Scaffolding protein involved in the recruitment, assembly and/or regulation of a variety of signaling molecules. Interacts with a wide variety of proteins and plays a role in many cellular processes. Component of the 40S ribosomal subunit involved in translational repression (PubMed:23636399). Involved in the initiation of the ribosome quality control (RQC), a pathway that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, by promoting ubiquitination of a subset of 40S ribosomal subunits (PubMed:28132843). Binds to and stabilizes activated protein kinase C (PKC), increasing PKC-mediated phosphorylation. May recruit activated PKC to the ribosome, leading to phosphorylation of EIF6. Inhibits the activity of SRC kinases including SRC, LCK and YES1. Inhibits cell growth by prolonging the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Enhances phosphorylation of BMAL1 by PRKCA and inhibits transcriptional activity of the BMAL1-CLOCK heterodimer. Facilitates ligand-independent nuclear translocation of AR following PKC activation, represses AR transactivation activity and is required for phosphorylation of AR by SRC. Modulates IGF1R-dependent integrin signaling and promotes cell spreading and contact with the extracellular matrix. Involved in PKC-dependent translocation of ADAM12 to the cell membrane. Promotes the ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins such as CLEC1B and HIF1A. Required for VANGL2 membrane localization, inhibits Wnt signaling, and regulates cellular polarization and oriented cell division during gastrulation. Required for PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Regulates internalization of the muscarinic receptor CHRM2. Promotes apoptosis by increasing oligomerization of BAX and disrupting the interaction of BAX with the anti-apoptotic factor BCL2L. Inhibits TRPM6 channel activity. Regulates cell surface expression of some GPCRs such as TBXA2R. Plays a role in regulation of FLT1-mediated cell migration. Involved in the transport of ABCB4 from the Golgi to the apical bile canalicular membrane (PubMed:19674157). Promotes migration of breast carcinoma cells by binding to and activating RHOA (PubMed:20499158).
RACK1
1
133268
8
538
Bifunctional glutamate/proline--tRNA ligase
P07814
Catalyzes the attachment of the cognate amino acid to the corresponding tRNA in a two-step reaction: the amino acid is first activated by ATP to form a covalent intermediate with AMP and is then transferred to the acceptor end of the cognate tRNA. Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes. Upon interferon-gamma activation and subsequent phosphorylation dissociates from the multisynthetase complex and assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation.
HMDBP00567
EPRS
1q41
BC126275
1
6.1.1.17; 6.1.1.15
494
8
4778
Probable proline--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
Q7L3T8
HMDBP10694
PARS2
1p32.2
BC007956
1
6.1.1.15
11001
Large 60S Ribosomal Subunit
1
PW_P011001
19588
8096
20243
8109
20244
8111
20252
8112
20253
8114
20254
8113
20255
8115
20256
8116
20257
8077
20258
8076
20259
8078
20260
8079
20261
8081
20262
8080
20263
8082
20264
8083
20265
8084
20266
8086
20267
8085
20268
8087
20269
8088
20281
4811
20282
8090
20283
8089
20287
8091
20289
8092
20290
8094
20306
8093
20307
8095
20308
4810
20309
8097
20310
8098
20311
8099
20312
8100
20313
8102
20314
8101
20315
8104
20316
8103
20317
8106
20318
8105
20333
8107
20334
8108
20335
8120
20336
8110
20337
8117
20338
8118
20339
8119
11454
Small 40S Ribosomal Subunit
1
PW_P011454
20347
8043
20349
8053
20350
8054
20351
8055
20352
8056
20353
8057
20354
8058
20355
8059
20356
8060
20357
8032
20358
8033
20359
8034
20360
8035
20361
8036
20362
8037
20363
8038
20395
8039
20396
8040
20397
8041
20398
8042
20399
8044
20400
8045
20401
8046
20402
8047
20403
8048
20404
8049
20405
3391
20406
8051
20407
8052
20408
8031
20409
8061
20410
8840
128
Bifunctional glutamate/proline--tRNA ligase
1
PW_P000128
146
538
2
133760
8
11482
Probable proline--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
1
PW_P011482
20475
4778
133689
3
178696
PW_R178696
Right
674417
11
1
NucleicAcid
false
674418
222
1
Bound
false
674419
238
1
Bound
false
653
false
PW_R000653
Right
2692
414
1
Compound
true
2693
106
1
Compound
false
2694
12
1
NucleicAcid
true
2695
11
1
NucleicAcid
false
2696
32
1
Compound
true
2697
170
1
Compound
true
143
128
6.1.1.17
168803
11482
6.1.1.15
1182
222
8
112686
431
13217
3606114
1652
790216
3606115
1653
790217
3606116
1183
238
8
112686
432
13218
3606118
33
3262
3606119
1654
790218
3606120
1655
790219
3606121
2649655
414
8
42
false
335
702
10
regular
50
30
2649657
32
8
44
false
645
700
10
regular
50
30
2649658
170
8
45
false
638
465
10
regular
63
43
2649660
106
8
3
false
295
412
10
regular
100
100
13217
490
37
8
true
769
0
12
regular
100
90
13218
490
37
8
true
1159
0
12
regular
100
90
3260
12
96
8
false
225
577
14
120
nucleic_acid
regular
120
115
3261
11
96
8
false
689
580
14
120
nucleic_acid
regular
120
115
3262
11
12
8
true
1249
0
14
150
regular
150
70
914377
8096
8
2
true
629
0
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914378
8109
8
2
true
629
60
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914379
8111
8
2
true
629
120
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914380
8112
8
2
true
629
180
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914381
8114
8
2
true
629
240
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914382
8113
8
2
true
629
300
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914383
8115
8
2
true
629
360
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914384
8116
8
2
true
629
420
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914385
8077
8
2
true
629
480
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914386
8076
8
2
true
629
540
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914387
8078
8
2
true
629
600
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914388
8079
8
2
true
629
660
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914389
8081
8
2
true
629
720
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914390
8080
8
2
true
629
780
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914391
8082
8
2
true
629
840
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914392
8083
8
2
true
629
900
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914393
8084
8
2
true
629
960
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914394
8086
8
2
true
629
1020
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914395
8085
8
2
true
629
1080
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914396
8087
8
2
true
629
1140
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914397
8088
8
2
true
629
1200
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914398
4811
8
2
true
629
1260
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914399
8090
8
2
true
629
1320
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914400
8089
8
2
true
629
1380
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914401
8091
8
2
true
629
1440
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914402
8092
8
2
true
629
1500
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914403
8094
8
2
true
629
1560
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914404
8093
8
2
true
629
1620
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914405
8095
8
2
true
629
1680
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914406
4810
8
2
true
629
1740
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914407
8097
8
2
true
629
1800
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914408
8098
8
2
true
629
1860
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914409
8099
8
2
true
629
1920
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914410
8100
8
2
true
629
1980
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914411
8102
8
2
true
629
2040
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914412
8101
8
2
true
629
2100
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914413
8104
8
2
true
629
2160
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914414
8103
8
2
true
629
2220
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914415
8106
8
2
true
629
2280
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914416
8105
8
2
true
629
2340
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914417
8107
8
2
true
629
2400
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914418
8108
8
2
true
629
2460
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914419
8120
8
2
true
629
2520
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914420
8110
8
2
true
629
2580
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914421
8117
8
2
true
629
2640
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914422
8118
8
2
true
629
2700
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914423
8119
8
2
true
629
2760
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914424
8043
8
2
true
629
2820
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914425
8053
8
2
true
629
2880
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914426
8054
8
2
true
629
2940
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914427
8055
8
2
true
629
3000
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914428
8056
8
2
true
629
3060
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914429
8057
8
2
true
629
3120
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914430
8058
8
2
true
629
3180
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914431
8059
8
2
true
629
3240
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914432
8060
8
2
true
629
3300
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914433
8032
8
2
true
629
3360
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914434
8033
8
2
true
629
3420
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914435
8034
8
2
true
629
3480
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914436
8035
8
2
true
629
3540
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914437
8036
8
2
true
629
3600
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914438
8037
8
2
true
629
3660
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914439
8038
8
2
true
629
3720
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914440
8039
8
2
true
629
3780
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914441
8040
8
2
true
629
3840
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914442
8041
8
2
true
629
3900
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914443
8042
8
2
true
629
3960
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914444
8044
8
2
true
629
4020
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914445
8045
8
2
true
629
4080
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914446
8046
8
2
true
629
4140
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914447
8047
8
2
true
629
4200
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914448
8048
8
2
true
629
4260
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914449
8049
8
2
true
629
4320
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914450
3391
8
2
true
629
4380
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914451
8051
8
2
true
629
4440
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914452
8052
8
2
true
629
4500
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914453
8031
8
2
true
629
4560
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914454
8061
8
2
true
629
4620
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914455
8840
8
2
true
629
4680
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914456
8096
8
188
false
1030
596
2
none
regular
300
140
914457
8109
8
2
true
1019
60
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914458
8111
8
2
true
1019
120
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914459
8112
8
2
true
1019
180
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914460
8114
8
2
true
1019
240
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914461
8113
8
2
true
1019
300
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914462
8115
8
2
true
1019
360
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914463
8116
8
2
true
1019
420
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914464
8077
8
2
true
1019
480
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914465
8076
8
2
true
1019
540
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914466
8078
8
2
true
1019
600
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914467
8079
8
2
true
1019
660
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914468
8081
8
2
true
1019
720
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914469
8080
8
2
true
1019
780
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914470
8082
8
2
true
1019
840
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914471
8083
8
2
true
1019
900
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914472
8084
8
2
true
1019
960
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914473
8086
8
2
true
1019
1020
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914474
8085
8
2
true
1019
1080
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914475
8087
8
2
true
1019
1140
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914476
8088
8
2
true
1019
1200
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914477
4811
8
2
true
1019
1260
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914478
8090
8
2
true
1019
1320
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914479
8089
8
2
true
1019
1380
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914480
8091
8
2
true
1019
1440
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914481
8092
8
2
true
1019
1500
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914482
8094
8
2
true
1019
1560
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914483
8093
8
2
true
1019
1620
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914484
8095
8
2
true
1019
1680
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914485
4810
8
2
true
1019
1740
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914486
8097
8
2
true
1019
1800
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914487
8098
8
2
true
1019
1860
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914488
8099
8
2
true
1019
1920
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914489
8100
8
2
true
1019
1980
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914490
8102
8
2
true
1019
2040
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914491
8101
8
2
true
1019
2100
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914492
8104
8
2
true
1019
2160
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914493
8103
8
2
true
1019
2220
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914494
8106
8
2
true
1019
2280
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914495
8105
8
2
true
1019
2340
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914496
8107
8
2
true
1019
2400
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914497
8108
8
2
true
1019
2460
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914498
8120
8
2
true
1019
2520
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914499
8110
8
2
true
1019
2580
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914500
8117
8
2
true
1019
2640
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914501
8118
8
2
true
1019
2700
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914502
8119
8
2
true
1019
2760
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914503
8043
8
186
false
1050
766
2
none
regular
150
70
914504
8053
8
186
false
1175
766
2
none
regular
150
70
914505
8054
8
2
true
1019
2940
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914506
8055
8
2
true
1019
3000
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914507
8056
8
2
true
1019
3060
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914508
8057
8
2
true
1019
3120
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914509
8058
8
2
true
1019
3180
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914510
8059
8
2
true
1019
3240
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914511
8060
8
2
true
1019
3300
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914512
8032
8
2
true
1019
3360
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914513
8033
8
2
true
1019
3420
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914514
8034
8
2
true
1019
3480
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914515
8035
8
2
true
1019
3540
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914516
8036
8
2
true
1019
3600
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914517
8037
8
2
true
1019
3660
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914518
8038
8
2
true
1019
3720
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914519
8039
8
2
true
1019
3780
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914520
8040
8
2
true
1019
3840
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914521
8041
8
2
true
1019
3900
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914522
8042
8
2
true
1019
3960
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914523
8044
8
2
true
1019
4020
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914524
8045
8
2
true
1019
4080
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914525
8046
8
2
true
1019
4140
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914526
8047
8
2
true
1019
4200
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914527
8048
8
2
true
1019
4260
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914528
8049
8
2
true
1019
4320
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914529
3391
8
2
true
1019
4380
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914530
8051
8
2
true
1019
4440
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914531
8052
8
2
true
1019
4500
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914532
8031
8
2
true
1019
4560
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914533
8061
8
2
true
1019
4620
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914534
8840
8
2
true
1019
4680
8
subunit
regular
150
70
914868
538
8
6
false
442
569
8
subunit
regular
160
80
790216
11001
112686
8
910891
914377
910892
914378
910893
914379
910894
914380
910895
914381
910896
914382
910897
914383
910898
914384
910899
914385
910900
914386
910901
914387
910902
914388
910903
914389
910904
914390
910905
914391
910906
914392
910907
914393
910908
914394
910909
914395
910910
914396
910911
914397
910912
914398
910913
914399
910914
914400
910915
914401
910916
914402
910917
914403
910918
914404
910919
914405
910920
914406
910921
914407
910922
914408
910923
914409
910924
914410
910925
914411
910926
914412
910927
914413
910928
914414
910929
914415
910930
914416
910931
914417
910932
914418
910933
914419
910934
914420
910935
914421
910936
914422
910937
914423
790217
11454
112686
8
910938
914424
910939
914425
910940
914426
910941
914427
910942
914428
910943
914429
910944
914430
910945
914431
910946
914432
910947
914433
910948
914434
910949
914435
910950
914436
910951
914437
910952
914438
910953
914439
910954
914440
910955
914441
910956
914442
910957
914443
910958
914444
910959
914445
910960
914446
910961
914447
910962
914448
910963
914449
910964
914450
910965
914451
910966
914452
910967
914453
910968
914454
910969
914455
790218
11001
112686
8
910970
914456
910971
914457
910972
914458
910973
914459
910974
914460
910975
914461
910976
914462
910977
914463
910978
914464
910979
914465
910980
914466
910981
914467
910982
914468
910983
914469
910984
914470
910985
914471
910986
914472
910987
914473
910988
914474
910989
914475
910990
914476
910991
914477
910992
914478
910993
914479
910994
914480
910995
914481
910996
914482
910997
914483
910998
914484
910999
914485
911000
914486
911001
914487
911002
914488
911003
914489
911004
914490
911005
914491
911006
914492
911007
914493
911008
914494
911009
914495
911010
914496
911011
914497
911012
914498
911013
914499
911014
914500
911015
914501
911016
914502
790219
11454
112686
8
911017
914503
911018
914504
911019
914505
911020
914506
911021
914507
911022
914508
911023
914509
911024
914510
911025
914511
911026
914512
911027
914513
911028
914514
911029
914515
911030
914516
911031
914517
911032
914518
911033
914519
911034
914520
911035
914521
911036
914522
911037
914523
911038
914524
911039
914525
911040
914526
911041
914527
911042
914528
911043
914529
911044
914530
911045
914531
911046
914532
911047
914533
911048
914534
790241
128
112686
8
911382
914868
3606082
M100 2100 L100 2150 L150 2100 z
10
true
18
3606100
M345 412 C345 382 345 343 345 313
5
false
18
true
M 337.5 399.0096189432334 L 345 412 L 352.5 399.0096189432334
false
3606113
M805 609 C918 649 969 670 1149 740
5
false
18
true
M 888.9749045598433 581.96644186147 L 901 573 L 887.2222858463324 567.0691827966269
false
3606114
M764 -5 L764 45 L814 -5 z
10
true
18
3606115
M182 437 L182 487 L232 437 z
10
true
18
3606116
M182 3257 L182 3307 L232 3257 z
10
true
18
3606117
M869 50 C899 50 949 -588.75 979 -588.75
5
true
18
3606118
M1154 -5 L1154 45 L1204 -5 z
10
true
18
3606119
M1244 -5 L1244 45 L1294 -5 z
10
true
18
3606120
M182 827 L182 877 L232 827 z
10
true
18
3606121
M182 3647 L182 3697 L232 3647 z
10
true
18
3606122
M1249 35 C1219 35 1009 -588.75 979 -588.75
5
true
18
true
M 212.94685504416483 384.261556296296 L 198 383 L 204.38088772118584 396.5751343230783
false
3606253
M385 717 C389 646 412 609 442 609
5
false
18
3606254
M395 462 C397 555 412 609 442 609
5
false
18
3606255
M645 715 C645 664 632 609 602 609
5
false
18
true
M 25.946855044164835 191.26155629629605 L 11 190 L 17.380887721185843 203.57513432307834
false
3606256
M638 486.5 C639 552.5 632 609 602 609
5
false
18
true
M 25.946855044164835 191.26155629629605 L 11 190 L 17.380887721185843 203.57513432307834
false
3606257
M340 607 C370 607 412 609 442 609
5
false
18
3606258
M694 610 C664 610 632 609 602 609
5
false
18
true
M 25.946855044164835 191.26155629629605 L 11 190 L 17.380887721185843 203.57513432307834
false
788422
112686
178696
8
804
1182
3606117
Left
805
1183
3606122
Right
1171
3261
3606113
Left
788443
112686
653
8
3192394
2649655
3606253
Left
3192395
2649660
3606254
Left
3192396
2649657
3606255
Right
3192397
2649658
3606256
Right
1204
3260
3606257
Left
1205
3261
3606258
Right
745196
143
790241
107388
107817
112686
14
false
270
243
16
regular
104154
2649660
3606100
Right
184503
685
172
0.4
0.4
0
1
42
1785
1645
367976
M128 226.5 C128 176.5 178 126.5 228 126.5 C576 126.5 1028 126.5 1376 126.5 C1426 126.5 1476 176.5 1476 226.5 C1476 419.5 1476 669.5 1476 862.5 C1476 912.5 1426 962.5 1376 962.5 C1028 962.5 576 962.5 228 962.5 C178 962.5 128 912.5 128 862.5 C128 669.5 128 419.5 128 226.5
1
true
6
0.0
0.0
445946
15
mRNA
595
746
20
1.3
1.3
160
15
445947
15
Polypeptide Chain
885
442
20
1.3
1.3
160
15
445948
235
Translation
1021
799
20
1.6
1.6
200
15
445949
15
Ribosome
1242
580
20
1.3
1.3
160
15
445950
15
Cytoplasm
1207
173
20
1.3
1.3
160
15