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Pathway Description
Esketamine Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Created: 2023-06-09
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
Esketamine, known by the brand name Spravato, is a NMDA receptor antagonist used for treatment-resistant depression. It is nasal sprayand the s-enantiomer of Ketamine. It is considered a central nervous system depressant agent that can causes sedation, dizziness, lethargy, and it can impair judgment, thinking, reaction speed, and motor skills. It also has side effects on cardiac electrophysiology, blood pressure, and cognition.
Esketamine non-selectively and non-competively antagonized the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. The exact mechanism by which esketamine acts as an anti-depressant is unknown. The primary metabolite of esketamine, noresketamine, also shows antagonism of the NMDA receptor with a weaker affinity.
References
Esketamine Pathway References
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Pubmed: 7679115
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Pubmed: 9037519
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Pubmed: 15489334
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Pubmed: 7959773
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Pubmed: 9547169
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Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. doi: 10.1038/nature02399.
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Pubmed: 11853319
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Pubmed: 8898206
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