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Voltage- dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 Ryanodine receptor 2 Tropomyosin alpha-1 chain Tropomyosin beta chain Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 Kv channel- interacting protein 2 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 Putative Dol-P- Glc:Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)- PP-Dol alpha-1,2- glucosyltransferase Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 9 Inward rectifier potassium channel 2 Inward rectifier potassium channel 4 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5 Disks large homolog 1 G protein- activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 G protein- activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 Potassium channel subfamily K member 1 Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization- activated cyclic nucleotide- gated channel 4 Voltage- dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H Voltage- dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha cAMP Ca+ Ajmaline Ca+ Ca+ Ca+ K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ Na+ Na+ K+ Na+ Na+ Ajmaline cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit Troponin Troponin Muscle Contraction Ca+ T-tubule Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Cardiomyocyte Ajmaline binds to sodium ion channels, locking them in an open state and preventing the influx of sodium ions needed for depolarization By slowing depolarization, the cell cannot effectively propagate an action potential and electrical signals for ventricular contractions are slowed Voltage dependent calcium channels are unable to be opened due to the slowing of the depolarization current Low concentration of calcium is unable to activate the ryanodine receptor Low calcium levels means calcium is not readily available to bind to troponin, which as a result blocks muscle contraction from occurring Actin Myosin Actin unbinds from myosin resulting in the filaments to slide and smooth muscle relaxation to occur Ajmaline is delivered intravenously
CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 RYR2 TPM1 TPM2 SCN5A KCND3 KCNIP2 KCNE2 KCNH2 ALG10B KCNQ1 KCNE1 ABCC8 KCNJ8 KCNJ11 Unknown KCNJ2 KCNJ4 Unknown Unknown KCNJ3 KCNJ5 KCNK1 HCN4 CACNA1H CACNA1G PRKACA cAMP Calcium Ajmaline Calcium Calcium Calcium Potassium Potassium Potassium Potassium Potassium Potassium Potassium Potassium Potassium Sodium Sodium Potassium Sodium Sodium Ajmaline PRKAR1A Troponin Troponin Muscle Contraction Calcium