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Beta-1
adrenergic
receptor
Sodium-
dependent
noradrenaline
transporter
Alpha-1A
adrenergic
receptor
Synaptic
vesicular amine
transporter
Voltage-
dependent
calcium channel
subunit
alpha-2/delta-1
Voltage-
dependent
calcium channel
subunit
alpha-2/delta-2
Voltage-
dependent
N-type calcium
channel subunit
alpha-1B
Multidrug
resistance
protein 1
Solute carrier
organic anion
transporter
family member
1B1
Solute carrier
organic anion
transporter
family member
1B1
Dopamine beta-
hydroxylase
Aromatic-L-
amino-acid
decarboxylase
Tyrosine
3-monooxygenase
Cytochrome P450
2D6
Norepinephrine
Venlafaxine
Ca
+
Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine
Ca
+
Desvenlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine
Venlafaxine
Venlafaxine
Dopamine
Ascorbic acid
O
2
Dehydroascorbic acid
H
2
O
L-Dopa
CO
2
L-Tyrosine
Pyrroloquinoline
quinone
Copper
Pyridoxal
5'-phosphate
Fe2+
Heme
Gq Signalling
cascade
Mood and Cognition
Limbic System
Limbic System
Brain
Cytosol
Presynaptic Neuron
Desvenlafaxine inhibition
causes more norepinephrine
to accumulate in the synapse
and continual activation of
the alpha-1A adrenergic
receptor
Synapse
Synaptic Vesicle
Desvenlafaxine is rapidly
absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract.
Norepinephrine is produced
in the locus coeruleus
Cytosol
In depressed individuals,
Alpha A1 and B1 receptors
are desensitized leading to
changes in cognitive
function, fatigue, sleep and
immune response.
hepatocytes
liver
endoplasmic reticulum
Post Synaptic neuron
Endoplasmic Reticulum
ADRB1
SLC6A2
ADRA1A
SLC18A2
CACNA2D1
CACNA2D2
CACNA1B
ABCB1
SLCO1B1
SLCO1B1
DBH
DDC
TH
CYP2D6
Norepinephrine
Venlafaxine
Calcium
Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine
Calcium
Desvenlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine
Venlafaxine
Venlafaxine
Dopamine
Ascorbic acid
Oxygen
Dehydroascorbic
acid
Water
L-Dopa
Carbon dioxide
L-Tyrosine
Gq Signalling
cascade