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Gq protein signaling cascade Phospholipase C Inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate receptor type 1 Protein kinase C alpha type Voltage- dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-beta regulatory subunit cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit D(1A) dopamine receptor Adenylate cyclase type 2 Guanine nucleotide- binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short Myosin LC-P Myosin light chain 3 Calmodulin-1 Myosin light chain phosphatase Calmodulin-1 Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Fenoldopam Ca+ Ca+ Ca+ Fenoldopam Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ATP cAMP PPi ATP Calcium Guanosine triphosphate Magnesium Ca+ Diacylglycerol Muscle Contraction Muscle Relaxation Magnesium Calcium Manganese Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Cross-bridge formation between myosin and actin does not occur, since myosin cannot undergo phosphorylation by MLCK Decreased calcium is unable to bind readily to calmodulin so it does not activate myosin light chain kinase Activation of myosin light chain kinase leading to high concentration of myosin LC-P There is an overall decrease in calcium levels in the cytosol caused by the inhibition of the Gq signaling cascade Cytosol Smooth Muscle Myocyte Dopamine receptors (D1 and D5) located in the tunica media of the artery exert their effect through G-alpha stimulatory second messenger system Actin Myosin Fenoldopam is administered as a continuous intravenous infusion using an infusion pump In the cell, cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA) which in turn phosphorylates MLCK, causing its inactivation The result of relation is the dilation of arteries producing decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR), increased renal blood flow, natriuresis, and diuresis, thus a decrease in blood pressure. Artery Upon ligand binding to D1-receptors, the alpha subunit dissociates from the intracellular domain of the transmembrane receptor and activates adenylate cyclase (AC). AC subsequently converts ATP to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)
GNAQ PLCB1 ITPR1 PRKCA CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 MYLK PRKACA PRKACB PRKAR1A PRKACG PRKAR1B PRKAR2B PRKAR2A DRD1 ADCY2 GNAS MYL3 MYL3 CALM1 PPP1CB CALM1 Inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate Fenoldopam Calcium Calcium Calcium Fenoldopam Phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate Adenosine triphosphate cAMP Pyrophosphate Adenosine triphosphate Calcium Diacylglycerol Muscle Contraction Muscle Relaxation