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Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle Adenylate cyclase type 9 PKA complex PKA complex Protein kinase C G protein complex Myosin LC-P Myosin light chain 3 Inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate receptor type 1 Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C Myosin light chain phosphatase Calmodulin Intermediate conductance calcium- activated potassium channel protein 4 Phospholipase C Guanine nucleotide- binding protein alpha Calmodulin Guanine nucleotide- binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 Guanine nucleotide- binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 Ca+ Ca+ Ca+ K+ K+ GDP GTP ATP cAMP Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate Diacylglycerol GTP Pi Pi Pi Calcium Ca+ Adrenergic Receptor Muscle Contraction Muscle Relaxation Magnesium Calcium Manganese Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Cytosol Smooth Muscle Myocyte The G protein complex separates into alpha and beta/gamma subunits. GDP is replaced with GTP on the alpha subunit. Activated PKA can phosphorylate calcium activated potassium channels causing potassium efflux and promoting hyperpolarization. Activated PKA phosphorylates the IP3 receptor to reduce its affinity for IP3. Activated PKA phosphorylates phospholipase C. There is an overall decrease in calcium levels in the cytosol. Decreased calcium is unable to bind readily to calmodulin. The inhibition of myosin light chain kinase prevents the synthesis of Myosin LC-P which leads to a high concentration of myosin light chain and muscle relaxation. Myosin unbinds from actin causing sarcomere filaments to slide resulting in muscle relaxation. Actin Myosin The adrenergic receptors that activate Gs signalling to cause smooth muscle relaxation are the beta-2 and beta-3 adrenergic receptors Epinephrine and norepinephrine are common agonists of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
MYLK ADCY9 PRKAR1A PRKAR2A PRKCA GNB1 MYL3 MYL3 ITPR1 CACNB1 CACNA1C PPP1CB CALM1 KCNN4 PLCB1 GNAS CALM1 GNB1 GNG12 CACNA2D1 Calcium Calcium Calcium Potassium Potassium Guanosine diphosphate Guanosine triphosphate Adenosine triphosphate cAMP Inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate Phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate Diacylglycerol Guanosine triphosphate Phosphate Phosphate Phosphate Calcium Adrenergic Receptor Muscle Contraction Muscle Relaxation
MYLK ADCY9 PRKAR1A PRKAR2A PRKCA GNB1 MYL3 MYL3 ITPR1 CACNB1 CACNA1C PPP1CB CALM1 KCNN4 PLCB1 GNAS CALM1 GNB1 GNG12 CACNA2D1 Ca+ Ca+ Ca+ K+ K+ GDP GTP ATP cAMP Inotp P45P Diacylg GTP Pi Pi Pi Ca2+ Ca+ Adr Rec Mus Con Mus Rel Mg2+ Ca2+ Mn2+ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Cytosol Smooth Muscle Myocyte The G protein complex separates into alpha and beta/gamma subunits. GDP is replaced with GTP on the alpha subunit. Activated PKA can phosphorylate calcium activated potassium channels causing potassium efflux and promoting hyperpolarization. Activated PKA phosphorylates the IP3 receptor to reduce its affinity for IP3. Activated PKA phosphorylates phospholipase C. There is an overall decrease in calcium levels in the cytosol. Decreased calcium is unable to bind readily to calmodulin. The inhibition of myosin light chain kinase prevents the synthesis of Myosin LC-P which leads to a high concentration of myosin light chain and muscle relaxation. Myosin unbinds from actin causing sarcomere filaments to slide resulting in muscle relaxation. Actin Myosin The adrenergic receptors that activate Gs signalling to cause smooth muscle relaxation are the beta-2 and beta-3 adrenergic receptors Epinephrine and norepinephrine are common agonists of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor