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Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor Beta-1 adrenergic receptor Beta-2 adrenergic receptor Sodium- dependent noradrenaline transporter Synaptic vesicular amine transporter Voltage- dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A Voltage- dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 Voltage- dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 Aromatic-L- amino-acid decarboxylase Dopamine beta- hydroxylase Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Ca+ Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Atomoxetine Norepinephrine Ca+ Atomoxetine Atomoxetine L-Dopa Dopamine CO2 Ascorbic acid O2 Dehydroascorbic acid H2O L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin O2 Dihydrobiopterin H2O Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Pyrroloquinoline quinone Copper Fe2+ Gq signaling cascade Gs signaling cascade Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Norepinephrine is synthesized and stored in synaptic vesicles at the nerve terminal. Atomoxetine inhibits the norepinephrine reuptake transporter, thereby increasing synaptic norepinephrine levels. Improvement of ADHD symptoms Norepinephrine activates post synaptic adrenergic receptors which are responsible for mood improvements. Blood-Brain Barrier Diffusion
ADRA1A ADRB1 ADRB2 SLC6A2 SLC18A2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 DDC DBH TH Calcium Norepinephrine Norepinephrine Atomoxetine Norepinephrine Calcium Atomoxetine Atomoxetine L-Dopa Dopamine Carbon dioxide Ascorbic acid Oxygen Dehydroascorbic acid Water L-Tyrosine Tetrahydrobiopterin Oxygen Dihydrobiopterin Water Gq signaling cascade Gs signaling cascade
ADRA1A ADRB1 ADRB2 SLC6A2 SLC18A2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 DDC DBH TH Ca+ Norpp Norpp Tomoxet Norpp Ca+ Tomoxet Tomoxet L-Dopa LDP CO2 VitC O2 DHAA H2O Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Pyr-5'P Pqq Cu Fe2+ Gq si c G s c Cytosol Postsynaptic Neuron Presynaptic Neuron Cytosol Synaptic Vesicle Synapse Norepinephrine is synthesized and stored in synaptic vesicles at the nerve terminal. Atomoxetine inhibits the norepinephrine reuptake transporter, thereby increasing synaptic norepinephrine levels. Improvement of ADHD symptoms Norepinephrine activates post synaptic adrenergic receptors which are responsible for mood improvements. Blood-Brain Barrier Diffusion
ADRA1A ADRB1 ADRB2 SLC6A2 SLC18A2 CACNA1A CACNB1 CACNA2D2 DDC DBH TH Ca2+ Norpp Norpp Tomoxet Norpp Ca2+ Tomoxet Tomoxet L-Dopa LDP CO2 VitC O2 DHAA H2O Tyr BH4 O2 BH3 H2O Gq si c G s c